How to read these rates
Employee references are annual US median wages for the cited BLS occupation, which may cover several career paths. Replacement targets add $15,000 for benefits and $20,000 for business costs, then divide by 1,200 billable hours a year. They show what you would need to charge, not what customers or platforms will pay. Everyday shift and gig roles show no inferred freelance rate: compare your actual worker receipts after costs and unpaid time. Annual figures are rounded to the nearest $1,000 and hourly figures to the nearest dollar. Figures are before personal taxes, with no percentage fees. Open a guide to see the source or adjust the assumptions in the calculator.
Physical sciences
- Employee reference
- $102K/yr
- Replacement target
- $114/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Project management specialists
Coordinate research activities, dependencies, and evidence reviews across a physical-science program. Keep schedules and budgets connected to experimental readiness rather than treating uncertain research milestones as guaranteed deliverables.
View career → Physical Science Program Coordinator
Physical sciences
- Employee reference
- $89K/yr
- Replacement target
- $103/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Operations Research Analysts
Prepare and interpret research measurements for physical-science questions. Maintain provenance, quality flags, and reproducible transformations so scientific conclusions can be examined independently of undocumented analysis choices.
View career → Physical Science Research Data Analyst
Physical sciences
- Employee reference
- $90K/yr
- Replacement target
- $104/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Technical writers
Explain scientific methods, instruments, and research findings for a defined audience. Preserve assumptions, terminology, and uncertainty while coordinating specialist review of statements that affect interpretation or operation.
View career → Physical Science Technical Writer
Fitness & sport coaching
- Employee reference
- $47K/yr
- Replacement target
- $68/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Fitness Trainers and Instructors
Teaches controlled movement, alignment awareness, and exercise progression through mat or equipment sessions within the instructor's training and practice scope.
View career → Pilates instructor
Negotiation & communication coaching
- Employee reference
- $69K/yr
- Replacement target
- $87/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Training and development specialists
Helps founders or professionals explain a proposal concisely, connect claims to evidence, and prepare for questions without treating persuasive delivery as proof of viability.
View career → Pitch coach
Design
- Employee reference
- $63K/yr
- Replacement target
- $82/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Graphic designers
Shape an early-stage business argument into a concise visual presentation with clear claims, credible evidence, and an explicit requested decision.
View career → Pitch deck designer
Content writing
- Employee reference
- $77K/yr
- Replacement target
- $93/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Writers and authors
Rewrite complex public-facing information so readers can understand what applies to them, what action to take, and where uncertainty remains.
View career → Plain language writer
Nutrition & wellness coaching
- Employee reference
- $64K/yr
- Replacement target
- $83/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Health Education Specialists
Teaches preparation techniques and meal-building skills for plant-based cooking, helping learners explore ingredients without presenting a dietary pattern as medical treatment.
View career → Plant-based cooking educator
Food & beverage
- Employee reference
- $89K/yr
- Replacement target
- $103/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Food Scientists and Technologists
Study how plant proteins behave in food applications. Compare functionality, ingredient variation, sensory characteristics, and processing compatibility while documenting unresolved questions before a formulation is proposed for commercialization.
View career → Plant Protein Development Scientist
Cross-industry
- Employee reference
- $136K/yr
- Replacement target
- $142/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Software Developers
Create shared tools that make application delivery easier for other developers. Platform engineers treat internal infrastructure as a product, with usable defaults, clear documentation, and feedback from the teams relying on it.
View career → Platform Engineer
Cross-industry
- Employee reference
- $73K/yr
- Replacement target
- $90/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Sound engineering technicians
A podcast producer coordinates the editorial and production work behind an audio program. The role turns an idea into a repeatable listening experience through planning, guest preparation, recording, editing, and release organization.
View career → Podcast producer
Content writing
- Employee reference
- $90K/yr
- Replacement target
- $104/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Technical writers
Organize organizational policy information into usable procedures, definitions, and decision paths while leaving substantive policy decisions with the authorized owner.
View career → Policy documentation writer
Public sector & nonprofit
- Employee reference
- $102K/yr
- Replacement target
- $114/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Management analysts
Investigate a public-policy question through documented sources, stakeholder context, and explicit assumptions while distinguishing analytical findings from the authority to set policy.
View career → Policy research analyst
Physical sciences
- Employee reference
- $91K/yr
- Replacement target
- $105/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Chemists
Investigate polymer composition, processing, and properties for a defined application. Evaluate variability, characterization quality, and environmental conditions before recommending a material or a further development trial.
View career → Polymer Chemist
Transport & logistics
- Employee reference
- $82K/yr
- Replacement target
- $98/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Logisticians
Coordinates port-related administrative handoffs, schedules, documentation, and stakeholder updates under terminal procedures and qualified ownership of physical operations.
View career → Port operations coordinator
Media & entertainment
- Employee reference
- $102K/yr
- Replacement target
- $114/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Project management specialists
Coordinate editorial, sound, visual work, approvals, and delivery milestones so a production can reach completion with clear ownership of outstanding decisions.
View career → Postproduction producer
Energy & clean technology
- Employee reference
- $104K/yr
- Replacement target
- $116/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Mechanical Engineers
Evaluate reliability and maintenance evidence for power-generation assets within authorized engineering processes. Explain failure definitions, uncertainty, and operating context before recommending qualified review of maintenance or equipment decisions.
View career → Power Plant Reliability Engineer
Energy & clean technology
- Employee reference
- $121K/yr
- Replacement target
- $130/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Electrical Engineers
Analyze electrical networks and their operating constraints using approved models and data. Explain assumptions, contingencies, and verification needs before analysis supports a licensed design or operational decision.
View career → Power Systems Engineer
Environment & agriculture
- Employee reference
- $106K/yr
- Replacement target
- $117/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Computer systems analysts
Supports the authorized use of agricultural sensing, mapping, and digital tools, coordinating setup, data validation, user training, and qualified ownership of field recommendations.
View career → Precision agriculture technologist
Fitness & sport coaching
- Employee reference
- $47K/yr
- Replacement target
- $68/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Fitness Trainers and Instructors
Supports exercise participation during pregnancy and after birth within specialist training, individual clinical guidance, and clear boundaries around rehabilitation or medical assessment.
View career → Prenatal and postnatal fitness instructor
Negotiation & communication coaching
- Employee reference
- $69K/yr
- Replacement target
- $87/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Training and development specialists
Supports presenters in connecting a clear narrative, useful visuals, and spoken delivery so an audience can understand the decision or action being requested.
View career → Presentation coach
Cross-industry
- Employee reference
- $63K/yr
- Replacement target
- $82/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Graphic designers
A presentation designer shapes a narrative into slides that support a speaker or reader. The work clarifies hierarchy, evidence, and visual rhythm so audiences can understand the intended decision or message.
View career → Presentation designer
Design
- Employee reference
- $63K/yr
- Replacement target
- $82/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Graphic designers
Prepare approved artwork for reliable physical production through technical checks, file organization, color handling, and clear printer handoff.
View career → Print production designer
Cybersecurity & IT
- Employee reference
- $129K/yr
- Replacement target
- $137/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Information Security Analysts
Translate privacy requirements and user expectations into technical data-handling controls. Map collection, retention, access, and deletion behavior while reserving legal interpretation and compliance determinations for appropriately qualified advisers.
View career → Privacy Engineer
Legal & compliance
- Employee reference
- $102K/yr
- Replacement target
- $114/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Project management specialists
Coordinates privacy work across data owners, systems, training, and evidence, translating approved requirements into an operating program with clear responsibilities and qualified legal review.
View career → Privacy program manager
Cross-industry
- Employee reference
- $78K/yr
- Replacement target
- $94/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Buyers and purchasing agents
A procurement consultant helps an organization make better purchasing decisions. They compare requirements, supplier proposals, total costs, and operational risks so the lowest initial quote does not become an expensive or unsuitable commitment.
View career → Procurement consultant
Negotiation & communication coaching
- Employee reference
- $69K/yr
- Replacement target
- $87/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Training and development specialists
Supports purchasing professionals in preparing supplier conversations, testing assumptions, and documenting tradeoffs across cost, service, risk, and implementation requirements.
View career → Procurement negotiation coach
Cross-industry
- Employee reference
- $89K/yr
- Replacement target
- $103/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Operations Research Analysts
Help product teams understand how people use an application and where they struggle. Product analysts define behavioral measures, check event quality, and evaluate changes with attention to retention, uncertainty, and unintended effects.
View career → Product Analyst
Retail & ecommerce
- Employee reference
- $90K/yr
- Replacement target
- $104/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Technical writers
Maintain accurate, consistent product information across descriptions, attributes, categories, and variants so customers and internal teams can distinguish the correct items.
View career → Product catalog specialist
Content writing
- Employee reference
- $77K/yr
- Replacement target
- $93/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Writers and authors
Turn verified product specifications and use cases into concise descriptions that help customers assess fit, differences, and limitations before purchasing.
View career → Product description writer
Cross-industry
- Employee reference
- $104K/yr
- Replacement target
- $116/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Web and digital interface designers
A digital product designer follows problems from discovery through shipped experiences. The value lies in connecting research, interaction decisions, and product goals rather than producing attractive screens in isolation.
View career → Product designer
Retail & ecommerce
- Employee reference
- $140K/yr
- Replacement target
- $145/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Database Architects
Transform and validate product data for distribution feeds so item identifiers, availability, categories, and technical requirements remain consistent across receiving systems.
View career → Product feed specialist
Media & entertainment
- Employee reference
- $63K/yr
- Replacement target
- $82/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Graphic designers
Create visual material used within a filmed production while matching story context, camera readability, continuity requirements, and supplied creative direction.
View career → Production graphics designer
Media & entertainment
- Employee reference
- $75K/yr
- Replacement target
- $92/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Camera operators, television, video, and film
Prepare and operate production lighting arrangements that support the intended image while coordinating power, equipment, setup changes, and the production team's safety responsibilities.
View career → Production lighting technician
Manufacturing & robotics
- Employee reference
- $102K/yr
- Replacement target
- $114/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Management analysts
Analyze how materials, information, and decisions move through production. Help teams compare process changes using explicit data definitions and assumptions rather than treating a dashboard as a complete account of manufacturing performance.
View career → Production Systems Analyst
Business & leadership coaching
- Employee reference
- $102K/yr
- Replacement target
- $114/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Management analysts
Supports product leaders in improving prioritization, stakeholder communication, and team development, grounding coaching in decisions rather than treating frameworks as universal answers.
View career → Product leadership coach
Cross-industry
- Employee reference
- $102K/yr
- Replacement target
- $114/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Management analysts
A product manager decides which customer problems deserve a team's attention. Their value comes from connecting research, commercial priorities, and delivery decisions so the team can measure whether a product helps.
View career → Product manager
Cross-industry
- Employee reference
- $102K/yr
- Replacement target
- $114/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Management analysts
A product operations specialist improves the systems around product decisions. They organize feedback, research access, reporting, and launch routines so product teams spend less effort reconstructing information and coordinating handoffs.
View career → Product operations specialist
Content creation
- Employee reference
- $77K/yr
- Replacement target
- $93/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Writers and authors
Evaluate a product against explicit use cases and evidence rather than relying on untested claims or superficial impressions.
View career → Product review producer
Cybersecurity & IT
- Employee reference
- $129K/yr
- Replacement target
- $137/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Information Security Analysts
Help product teams evaluate security across design, dependencies, release, and support. Connect requirements with evidence and remediation ownership while keeping limitations and residual risks visible throughout a product's lifecycle.
View career → Product Security Engineer
Retail & ecommerce
- Employee reference
- $45K/yr
- Replacement target
- $66/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Photographers
Prepare products and small sets for photography so materials, scale, details, and intended use can be communicated consistently without misrepresenting the item.
View career → Product styling specialist
Content creation
- Employee reference
- $75K/yr
- Replacement target
- $92/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Film and video editors
Structure product-opening footage to reveal packaging, included components, setup requirements, and first-use details without unsupported product claims.
View career → Product unboxing producer
Business & leadership coaching
- Employee reference
- $102K/yr
- Replacement target
- $114/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Management analysts
Helps independent professionals examine capacity, client communication, service boundaries, and business routines while keeping regulated professional judgments within the practitioner's own competence and accountability.
View career → Professional practice coach
Cross-industry
- Employee reference
- $102K/yr
- Replacement target
- $114/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Project management specialists
A program manager coordinates several related initiatives toward a shared outcome. Their contribution is resolving cross-team dependencies, sequencing decisions, and keeping individual projects aligned with the larger business objective.
View career → Program manager
Cross-industry
- Employee reference
- $102K/yr
- Replacement target
- $114/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Project management specialists
A project manager turns an agreed goal into a coordinated plan. They make ownership, dependencies, costs, and risks visible so a team can deliver work without relying on last-minute rescue.
View career → Project manager
Content writing
- Employee reference
- $78K/yr
- Replacement target
- $94/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Editors
Check near-final material for overlooked text and layout errors while respecting approved content and the limits of the final production stage.
View career → Proofreader
Real estate & property
- Employee reference
- $84K/yr
- Replacement target
- $99/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Accountants and auditors
Maintains property-related financial records and reporting, connecting rent, operating costs, deposits, and owner information under appropriate accounting and professional controls.
View career → Property accountant
Real estate & property
- Employee reference
- $103K/yr
- Replacement target
- $115/hr
- Income goal, not available pay
BLS · May 2025 · Financial and investment analysts
Organizes acquisition evidence, property comparisons, and due-diligence questions so authorized teams can evaluate opportunities with explicit assumptions and specialist review responsibilities.
View career → Property acquisition analyst